看懂聯準會-2023年7月26日FOMC聲明

美國聯準會2023年7月26日記者會升息 1 碼，相關內容及英文學習重點如下。

主詞第三人稱

Recent indicators suggest that economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace. Job gains have been robust in recent months, and the unemployment rate has remained low. Inflation remains elevated.

The U.S. banking system is sound and resilient. Tighter credit conditions for households and businesses are likely to weigh on economic activity, hiring, and inflation. The extent of these effects remains uncertain. The Committee remains highly attentive to inflation risks.

The Committee seeks to achieve maximum employment and inflation at the rate of 2 percent over the longer run. In support of these goals, the Committee decided to raise the target range for the federal funds rate to 5-1/4 to 5-1/2 percent. The Committee will continue to assess additional information and its implications for monetary policy. In determining the extent of additional policy firming that may be appropriate to return inflation to 2 percent over time, the Committee will take into account the cumulative tightening of monetary policy, the lags with which monetary policy affects economic activity and inflation, and economic and financial developments. In addition, the Committee will continue reducing its holdings of Treasury securities and agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities, as described in its previously announced plans. The Committee is strongly committed to returning inflation to its 2 percent objective.

In assessing the appropriate stance of monetary policy, the Committee will continue to monitor the implications of incoming information for the economic outlook. The Committee would be prepared to adjust the stance of monetary policy as appropriate if risks emerge that could impede the attainment of the Committee's goals. The Committee's assessments will take into account a wide range of information, including readings on labor market conditions, inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and financial and international developments.

The Commitee 大寫且為第三人稱單數

這篇聲明裡的 The Committee 是當作第三人稱單數使用，也就是集合名詞 (collective noun)，常見的有：

• class 
• staff
• crew
• series

使用複數名詞

The Committee's assessments will take into account a wide range of information, including readings on labor market conditions, inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and financial and international developments.

這句話比較有趣的是，這邊的 readings、conditions、pressures、expectations、developments 全部都用複數，這對寫作而言有點抽象，也很有可能是寫作上會犯的錯誤。

單字

• resilient
• inflation
• monetary policy
• mortgage
• monitor
• implications

片語

• at a moderate pace
• be likely to
• be attentive to
• weigh on
• seek to
• over the longer run
• take into account
• be committed to